Category: Health Services/Population Health

Introduction: Dissemination and implementation (D&I) research, crucial in translating evidence into practice, is yet to be included as a separate study design category for ethical consideration. Researchers are asking relevant questions about how current ethical standards can be applied to D&I trials. The responsible conduct of D&I research requires an adaptation of existing bioethical frameworks […]

Introduction: Delaying pregnancy allows people with opioid use disorder (OUD) to choose when they are ready to continue their families. We aim to address the lack of characterization of postpartum contraceptive uptake among people with OUD compared to people without OUD. Methods: Analyses used 73,811 pregnancy episodes among 61,221 people (2016-2021) from the St. Louis […]

Introduction: A polypill containing all four classes of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for heart failure with reduced ejection (HFrEF) has been proposed to change the heart failure treatment paradigm. The acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of a HFrEF polypill-based strategy is unknown. The purpose of this study was to elicit patients’ and providers’ priorities in the […]

Introduction: Accurate prediction of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients’ mortality is crucial for healthcare professionals to make informed decisions, ultimately improving patient outcomes. However, ICU data are collected irregularly at different time points; therefore, these data are oftentimes incomplete and heterogeneous, hindering the performance of model-based statistical methods. This study aimed to use artificial intelligence […]

Introduction: In an increasingly competitive budgetary environment, we must be able to demonstrate the health and societal benefits of clinical and translational research. The Translational Science Benefits Model (TSBM) is a framework for evaluating the downstream health and social impact of research. The TSBM team created the online Translating for Impact Toolkit to help researchers […]

Introduction: There have been increased efforts to recognize the effects, or lack thereof, of scientific research on health equity. The Translational Science Benefits Model (TSBM) is a framework for evaluating the impact of research on health and society. The TSBM team is currently integrating equity into the TSBM framework. Methods: Adaptation of the TSBM involved […]

Introduction: Medication hoarding describes a persistent difficulty of discarding or parting with medications that are no longer useful. This behavior can result in mis-dosing and inappropriate sharing, leading to adverse consequences (Sorenson, 2005). Previous research has found correlations between medication savings behavior, hoarding, and medication adherence (Warren et al., 2019; VanDyke et al., 2018), but […]

Introduction: Patients receiving a lower extremity joint replacement (LEJR) are commonly prescribed physical therapy (PT) to address pain, range of motion, and function. As LEJRs are more commonly performed in an outpatient setting, particularly in a younger population, patients are less likely to receive inpatient PT, potentially resulting in increased utilization of community-based (home health […]

Introduction: The completion of the Human Genome Project in 2003, a monumental scientific achievement that provided the first sequence of the human genome, marked a significant milestone in healthcare. This project laid the foundation for precision medicine, a healthcare approach that considers an individual’s genetic makeup and lifestyle factors in their treatment plans. As precision […]

Introduction: Conversations between hospital board members, middle managers, and frontline staff often revolve around performance metrics, e.g., wait times and hospital-acquired infection rates. Where presentations focus on two-point comparisons (before/after) or targets (e.g., visualized with Red-Amber-Green (RAG) codes), initiatives could chase statistical noise rather than sound statistical signals of poor or superior performance. Statistical process […]